Moody's was founded by John Moody in 1909 to produce manuals of statistics related to stocks and bonds and bond ratings. Web search engines are the most visible IR applications. [18], Following the 2008 financial crisis, the SEC adopted new rules for the rating agency industry, including one to encourage unsolicited ratings. ", Holt, 2005, p. 12: "Aware that their party had been damaged in the South by the annexation issue in 1844, a few southern Whigs were now eager to annex Texas. See what resources your library currently offers. [99] However, a U.S. citizen may receive foreign office before or after their period of public service. This clause is also referred to as the Spending Clause and the Taxing and Spending Clause. Eros believes that humans are immature and stupid;[9] he intends to destroy humanity, threatening to kill Paula if Jeff and the police try to stop him. In 1801, Joseph Marie Jacquard invented a punched card system to control operations of the cloth weaving loom in France. [20] The microphone and flight officer's script are not visible in the original theatrical release, as they do not fit the frame for its original 1.85:1 projected aspect ratio. Rated as poor quality and very high credit risk. The Congress shall assemble at least once in every Year, and such Meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by Law appoint a different Day. [30] In 1835, an army under Mexican President Santa Anna entered its territory of Texas and abolished self-government. It also advises guests that "All shud see the butiful after-glo on mountains to the east just before sunset. [16] Academie de Chirurgia (Paris) published Memoires pour les Chirurgiens, generally considered to be the first medical journal, in 1736. [7], Moody's expanded its focus to include ratings for U.S. state and local government bonds in 1919[17] and, by 1924, Moody's rated nearly the entire U.S. bond market. By the end of the decade, special interest groups were available involving non-print media, social sciences, energy and the environment, and community information systems. However, determining the grounds on which Congress can define offenses against the law of nations has been more difficult, due largely to uncertainty about the meaning of the term "law of nations" and its scope.[95]. Rather than recall this courier, Polk broke his promise to the Van Burenites and endorsed Tyler's action. Section 7 lays out the procedures for passing a bill, requiring both houses of Congress to pass a bill for it to become law, subject to the veto power of the president of the United States. [16] Other rating companies followed over the next few years, including the antecedents of the "Big Three" credit rating agencies: Poor's in 1916, Standard Statistics Company in 1922,[9] and the Fitch Publishing Company in 1924. The bribery involved in the passage of the authorizing legislation was so blatant that a Georgia mob attempted to lynch the corrupt members of the legislature. This power was used during the Reconstruction Era when the Republican Party's members refused to seat the Southern states Democratic Party's members in each Houses. Res. Corporate author : UNESCO World Water Assessment Programme ISBN : 978-92-3-100507-7 Collation : 225 pages : illustrations, maps Language : English ", Freehling, 1991, p. 151: "The Southerner [John Tyler] who best defended diffusion during the Missouri Crisis would become a key actor in the Texas [annexation] epic. States may not, without the consent of Congress, tax imports or exports except for the fulfillment of state inspection laws (which may be revised by Congress). ", Crossroad Avenger: The Adventures of the Tucson Kid, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plan_9_from_Outer_Space&oldid=1119310488, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2015, Rotten Tomatoes template using name parameter, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Rev. Section 3 lays out various other rules for the Senate, including a provision that establishes the vice president of the United States as the president of the Senate. Some thought that Congress could not annex Texas as a territory, but only as a state, under the constitutional provision that Congress could admit new states. Also, the Nineteenth Amendment prohibits any U.S. citizen from being denied the right to vote on the basis of sex; the Twenty-fourth Amendment prohibits both Congress and the states from conditioning the right to vote in federal elections on payment of a poll tax or other types of tax; and the Twenty-sixth Amendment prohibits the states and the federal government from using age as a reason for denying the right to vote to U.S. citizens who are at least eighteen years old. Mexico knew that eventually the independent government would fail. Roughly matching the popular image of UFOs of the era, the saucer model was disk-shaped with a clear dome on top. [40][41], As of September 2009, there was an additional proposed remake: Grave Robbers from Outer Space was written and directed by Christopher Kahler for Drunkenflesh Films.[42]. The first Clause of Section Three provides that each state is entitled to have two senators, who would be elected by its state legislature (now by the people of each state), serve for staggered six-year terms, and have one vote each. The actual Enumeration shall be made within three Years after the first Meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent Term of ten Years, in such Manner as they shall by Law direct. Borko, H. (1968). Each House may determine the Rules of its Proceedings, punish its Members for disorderly Behavior, and, with the Concurrence of two thirds, expel a member. [140] Democrats were particularly uneasy about burdening the United States with $10 million in Texas debt, resenting the deluge of speculators, who had bought Texas bonds cheap and now lobbied Congress for the Texas House bill. The Supreme Court ruled that a retroactively applied state bankruptcy law impaired the obligation to pay the debt, and therefore violated the Constitution. His official motivation was to outmaneuver suspected diplomatic efforts by the British government for the emancipation of slaves in Texas, which would undermine slavery in the United States. His answer was: "a compact between two or more parties". [19], In the 1960s, the Supreme Court started to view voting as a fundamental right covered by the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. ", Freehling, 1991, p. 407: "The new Secretary of State [Calhoun] reached Washington March 29, 1844. The Vice President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no Vote, unless they be equally divided. J. Edward Reynolds was a leader of the Southern Baptist Convention in Beverly Hills, California, and Hugh Thomas was one of his associates from the church; both play gravediggers, while Reynolds was also the executive producer of the film. ", Crapol, 2006, p. 211: Calhoun "ranked with Daniel Webster and Henry Clay as America's leading political icons of the early republic. That night, the undead old man breaks into the house and pursues Paula outside, where the female ghoul and Inspector Clay join him. In the decades that followed, state insurance regulators approved similar requirements. Rated as upper-medium grade and low credit risk. In practice, the quorum requirement is not followed, as a quorum is assumed to be present unless a quorum call, requested by a member, proves otherwise. In the years since declaring independence, Texas had hardly prospered; its government was weak, its treasury was empty, and its debt was mounting every year. Edwards, the Trents, and the police drive to the cemetery. Though the Constitution does not mandate it, every Speaker has been a member of the House of Representatives. 3738: Tyler "believed in a theory of'diffusion' as a way to end slavery gradually and peacefully so as to "thin out and diffuse the slave population and, with fewer blacks in some of the older slave states of the upper South, it might become politically feasible to abolish slavery in states like Virginia" and "Tyler voted against proposals that restricted slavery in Missouri or any other portion of the remaining territory of the Louisiana Purchase. No Person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty Years, and been nine Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen. 1415: The Benton-Van Burenite Senators "expected Polk to pursue [their] option because Polk explicitly promised Benton that he would do so. If after such Reconsideration two thirds of that House shall agree to pass the Bill, it shall be sent, together with the Objections, to the other House, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two thirds of that House, it shall become a Law. In W. A. Wiegand, & D. G. David Jr. 4]] Public Law 117-2 117th Congress An Act To provide for reconciliation pursuant to title II of S. Con. By 1903, Moody's Manual was a nationally recognized publication. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers, The State University, Graduate School of Library Service, Schullian, D. M., & Rogers, F. B. This is effected under Palestinian ownership and in accordance with the best European and international standards. [58], In April 2013, Moody's, along with Standard & Poor's and Morgan Stanley, settled fourteen lawsuits filed by groups including Abu Dhabi Commercial Bank and King County, Washington. Eight of eighteen Southern Whigs cast their votes in favor. The most significant piece of legislation has been the 1971 Federal Election Campaign Act. As numerous other scientific journals and societies were founded, Alois Senefelder developed the concept of lithography for use in mass printing work in Germany in 1796. His "diffusion" theory declared that with Missouri open to slavery, the new state would encourage the transfer of underutilized slaves westward, emptying the eastern states of bondsmen and making emancipation feasible in the old South. [11], The Rev. [49] On September 4, a Committee of Eleven formed on August 31 submitted a resolution to the Convention that proposed that the Senate should have the power to try all impeachments. Plan 9 from Outer Space played on television in relative obscurity from 1961 until 1980, when authors Harry Medved and Michael Medved dubbed it the "worst film ever made" in their book The Golden Turkey Awards. [24], The Supreme Court has interpreted the Qualifications Clause as an exclusive list of qualifications that cannot be supplemented by a house of Congress exercising its Section 5 authority to "judgethequalifications of its own members"[25] or by a state in its exercise of its Section 4 authority to prescribe the "times, places and manner of holding elections for Senators and Representatives." The pro-annexation Democrat Polk narrowly defeated anti-annexation Whig Henry Clay in the 1844 presidential election. Sellers, 1966, p. 205: By extending the Missouri Compromise line, the amendment would "guarantee slavery in most of Texas.". [91] This scheme for racial cleansing was consistent, on a pragmatic level, with proposals for overseas colonization of blacks, which were pursued by a number of American presidents, from Jefferson to Lincoln. [32] Typically it involves a model or concept of information which is used and applied to activities that require explicit details of complex information systems. By these provisions, the framers of the Constitution intended to protect the interests of the states as states. ", Finkelman, 2011, pp. Whether unanimous consent of the 50 states would be required for such an amendment to become operative remains an unanswered political question. Lieutenant Harper insists on leaving Paula in the car; when she refuses to remain there by herself, Kelton stays. The introduction concludes with the dramatic question: "Can your heart stand the shocking facts about graverobbers from outer space?". Another year elapsed before Distributors Corporation of America (DCA) picked up the film. However, such agreements are only "binding on the conscience of the sovereign", as the doctrine of sovereign immunity prevents a creditor from suing in court if the government reneges on its commitment.[90]. An information professional is an individual who preserves, organizes, and disseminates information. Ed Wood's Disasterpiece 'Plan 9' Gets 3-D Treatment!. In it, he assured Houston that, in contrast to previous attempts, the political climate in the United States, including sections of the North, was amenable to Texas statehood, and that a two-thirds majority in Senate could be obtained to ratify a Texas treaty. LCC is mainly used by large research and academic libraries, while most public libraries and small academic libraries used the Dewey Decimal Classification system. The pamphlet characterized abolitionists as traitors who conspired with the British to overthrow the United States. [109] In it, he characterized slavery as a social blessing and the acquisition of Texas as an emergency measure necessary to safeguard the "peculiar institution" in the United States. He also wanted to force a slave issue confrontation within the country if that confrontation should split the Union, Texas would add luster and power to an independent South. [10] The Supreme Court has affirmed these powers as an implication of Congress's power to legislate. ", Meacham, 2008, p. 315, Ray Allen Billington, Malone, 1960, p. 543: "Stephen F. Austin the chief promoter of colonization [in Texas]" and "the basic reason for the migration of Americans" was the "liberal colonization law under which a league [7 square miles] of land was made available to each married settler for less than $200. [164] By February 5, 1845, in the early debates on the Brown-amended House bill, he advanced an alternative resolution that, unlike the Brown scenario, made no reference whatsoever to the ultimate free-slave apportionment of an annexed Texas and simply called for five bipartisan commissioners to resolve border disputes with Texas and Mexico and set conditions for the Lone Star Republic's acquisition by the United States. This system has proved to be enormously influential; though many American libraries have since adopted the classification scheme of the Library of Congress, Dewey's system remains in widespread use. The connections and networks sustained through social media help information providers learn what is important to people. Hidden waits force more than three quarters of mental health patients to seek help from emergency services. In United States v. Butler (1936), the Court for the first time construed the clause. However, only Moody's Corporation is a free-standing company. Marshall argued that the sale of land by the Georgia legislature, though fraught with corruption, was a valid "contract". [11], In theory, an ontology is a "formal, explicit specification of a shared conceptualisation". ", Crapol, 2006, p. 176: "the Sabine River today is the boundary between [the states of] Louisiana and Texas." Most notably, Clauses 1 (the General Welfare or Taxing and Spending clause), 3 (the Commerce clause), and 18 (The Necessary and Proper clause) have been deemed to grant expansive powers to Congress. This separation of powers, by which each branch may exercise only its own constitutional powers and no others,[2][3] is fundamental to the idea of a limited government accountable to the people. [62] Though unsubstantiated, Green's unofficial intelligence so alarmed Tyler that he requested verification from the US minister to Mexico, Waddy Thompson. Logic is used to supply formal semantics of how reasoning functions should be applied to the symbols in the KR system. The development of the model starts with the quadrant model described in the previous section. The same map appears in Baghdad After Midnight (1954), which was also filmed at Quality Studios; it was probably an available Quality Studios background prop. [38][39], The Anglo-American immigrants residing in newly independent Texas overwhelmingly desired immediate annexation by the United States. [88] In it, Walker argued that Texas could be acquired by Congress in a number of ways all constitutional and that the moral authority to do so was based on the precepts for territorial expansion established by Jefferson and Madison, and promulgated as doctrine by Monroe in 1823. PDF (765KB) Tip; Shown Here: Public Law No: 117-2 (03/11/2021) [117th Congress Public Law 2] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] [[Page 3]] AMERICAN RESCUE PLAN ACT OF 2021 [[Page 135 STAT. This practice was intended to ensure that the power of the purse is possessed by the legislative body most responsive to the people, although the English practice was modified in America by allowing the Senate to amend these bills. [14] Institutionally, information science emerged in the 19th century along with many other social science disciplines. Although this clause provides that the annual meeting was to be on the first Monday in December, the government established by the 1787 Constitution did not begin operations until March 4, 1789. Hector Vera, "Melvil Dewey, Metric Apostle", President of the American Library Association, American Library Association's Hall of Fame, classification scheme of the Library of Congress, "Melvil Dewey: A Singular and Contentious Life", The "Amherst Method": The Origins of the Dewey Decimal Classification Scheme, "About Melvil Dewey, 1851-1931 (The Dewey Program at the Library of Congress)", "Dewey Services: Improve the organization of your materials", " Background Research Notes: CODE REFORM (ATTEMPTS) HISTORY", "Bringing Harassment Out of the History Books", "The Father of Modern Libraries Was a Serial Sexual Harasser", "STATE LIBRARIAN DEWEY. ", Merk, 1978, p. 281: "The temper of the period was expansionist and its tide might carry the statesman [Tyler] riding it into a term of his own in the White House. (The others are first and fourth clauses in Section 9, which were amendable after 1808.) [43] Horror host Mr. Lobo, Brian Krause, and internet celebrities Matt Sloan, Aaron Yonda, James Rolfe, and Monique Dupree performed in the film,[44] which was released through video-on-demand beginning February 16, 2016. The classification of utopian and dystopian fiction as a sub-genre of the collective term, speculative fiction, alongside science fiction, fantasy, and horror is a relatively recent convention. ", Freehling, 1991, p. 365: "The Mexican government considered southwestern [US] entrepreneurs the most likely migrants" and invited them "to bring along their despotic alternative to Mexican economic peonage, black slavery", Malone, 1960, p. 543: "The vast distances in Texas, the premium that space paid to the individualism" contributed to "the disrespect of settlers for Mexican authority" and "Private violence was common and public violence was endemic. F. W. Woolworth Co. v. Contemporary Arts, Inc. Motion Picture Patents Co. v. Universal Film Manufacturing Co. Inwood Laboratories, Inc. v. Ives Laboratories, Inc. San Francisco Arts & Athletics, Inc. v. United States Olympic Committee, College Savings Bank v. Florida Prepaid Postsecondary Education Expense Board. When Inspector Daniel Clay and his police officers arrive, Clay goes off alone to investigate. [80] Tyler, in his annual address to Congress in December 1843, maintained his silence on the secret treaty, so as not to damage relations with the wary Texas diplomats. Merk, 1978, p. 270: "The Anglo-Americans who went to Texas were attracted by the prospect of beautiful agricultural lands virtually free. [114] Texas annexation and the reoccupation of Oregon territory emerged as the central issues in the 1844 general election. Each language is assigned a two-letter (639-1) and three-letter (639-2 and 639-3) lowercase abbreviation, amended in later versions of the nomenclature.This table lists all of: ISO 639-1: two-letter codes, one per language for ISO 639 macrolanguage; And some of: ISO 639-2/T: three-letter codes, for the same Information Systems. The Twenty-fourth Amendment prohibits the revocation of voting rights due to the non-payment of a poll tax. [103] Tyler's cabinet was split on the administration's handling of the Texas agreement. [141] House Democrats, at an impasse, relinquished the legislative initiative to the southern Whigs. Congress has the power to investigate that which it could regulate,[12] and the courts have interpreted Congress's regulatory powers broadly since the Great Depression. ", "Plan 9 from Outer Space at the Edinburgh Festival", "Transcript of dialogue for X-Files - Hollywood A.D.", "Plan 9 From Outer Space: Thirty Years Later", "RiffTrax Live: Plan 9 from Outer Space. [24] Mexican authorities were initially content to govern the remote province through salutary neglect, "permitting slavery under the legal fiction of 'permanent indentured servitude', similar to Mexico's peonage system. "Can Your Heart Stand the Shocking Facts About Kelton the Cop A/K/A Paul Marco? Moreover, since the Supreme Court has recognized voting as a fundamental right,[18] the Equal Protection Clause places very tight limitations (albeit with uncertain limits) on the states' ability to define voter qualifications; it is fair to say that qualifications beyond citizenship, residency, and age are usually questionable. But Polk cagily 'declined to express any opinion or to make any suggestion in reference to the subject', as Calhoun reported to Tyler", Holt, 2004, p. 15: "[Tyler] dispatched a courier to Texas offering annexation under the Brown-amended version of the House bill. ", Reichman, F. (1961). Although the Constitutional text seems to suggest to the contrary, the Senate's current practice is to elect a full-time president pro tempore at the beginning of each Congress, as opposed to making it a temporary office only existing during the vice president's absence. (1994). On March 3, 1845, with his cabinet's assent, he dispatched an offer of annexation to the Republic of Texas by courier, exclusively under the terms of the BrownFoster option of the joint house measure. Racial discrimination and inequality against blacks in South Africa dates to the beginning of large-scale European colonization of South Africa with the Dutch East India Company's establishment of a No State shall, without the Consent of Congress, lay any Duty of Tonnage, keep Troops, or Ships of War in time of Peace, enter into any Agreement or Compact with another State, or with a foreign Power, or engage in War, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent Danger as will not admit of delay. Metric Association). Through Trent's initial conversation with his wife, the film introduces the notion of a government and military conspiracy to cover up information on documented UFO sightings. Practitioners within and outside the field study the application and the usage of knowledge in organizations in addition to the interaction between Amid rising prices and economic uncertaintyas well as deep partisan divisions over social and political issuesCalifornians are processing a great deal of information to help them choose state constitutional officers and In November 1999, Moody's announced it would begin identifying which ratings were unsolicited as part of a general move toward greater transparency. In 1843, U.S. President John Tyler, then unaligned with any political party, decided independently to pursue the annexation of Texas in a bid to gain a base of support for another four years in office. Although not specifically mentioned in the Constitution, Congress has also long asserted the power to investigate and the power to compel cooperation with an investigation. The title also applies to an individual carrying out research in information science. [7] The SEC recently acknowledged, however, in its September 30, 2011 summary report of its mandatory annual examination of NRSROs that the subscriber-pays model under which Moody's operated prior to adopting the issuer pays model also "presents certain conflicts of interest inherent in the fact that subscribers, on whom the NRSRO relies, have an interest in ratings actions and could exert pressure on the NRSRO for certain outcomes". And "[Calhoun] believed the "British were determined to abolish slavery throughout the continent a disaster," and he would "lead a campaign of propaganda on behalf of annexation. Congress may establish and support the armed forces, but no appropriation made for the support of the army may be used for more than two years. The Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC), colloquially known as the Dewey Decimal System, is a proprietary library classification system which allows new books to be added to a library in their appropriate location based on subject. Generally states and territories fill vacancies within the House of Representatives according to their own laws, however when vacancies within the House exceed 100 members, the Speaker of the House will announce "extraordinary circumstances" have occurred, which obligates the executive authority of all states with vacancies to hold a special election within 49 days of the announcement. Can you prove it didn't happen"? In overriding a veto, the votes of both houses must be done by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons voting for and against the bill must be recorded. [citation needed], Coincidentally, further Lugosi footage that Wood had shot at an unspecified pre-1956 date was to have been the basis of a second, posthumous, feature film, Ghouls of the Moon, for the horror legend. The stipulation that the Chief Justice is to preside over presidential impeachment trials underscores the solemnity of the occasion, and aims to avoid the conflict of interest of a vice president's presiding over the proceeding for the removal of the one official standing between them and the presidency. [50], In his first address to Congress in special session on June 1, 1841, Tyler set the stage for Texas annexation by announcing his intention to pursue an expansionist agenda so as to preserve the balance between state and national authority and to protect American institutions, including slavery, so as to avoid sectional conflict. Melville Louis Kossuth "Melvil" Dewey (December 10, 1851 December 26, 1931) was an influential American librarian and educator, inventor of the Dewey Decimal system of library classification, a founder of the Lake Placid Club, and a chief librarian at Columbia University.He was also a founding member of the American Library Association but resigned in 1905, due to Nevertheless, Congress remains free to enact any legislation for the District so long as constitutionally permissible, to overturn any legislation by the city government, and technically to revoke the city government at any time. Regional differences and international terminology complicate the problem. 1, enacted December 29, 1845, 9Stat. The first allowed the auction winner to provide a photograph that is digitally inserted into part of the scene between the Ghoul Man and Paula Trent. [21][22] Colonizing empresario Stephen F. Austin managed the regional affairs of the mostly American-born population 20% of them slaves[23] under the terms of the generous government land grants. What about assigning privileges and restricting access to unauthorized users? The empty string is the special case where the sequence has length zero, so there are no symbols in the string. [15] Benjamin Franklin invested a town in Massachusetts with a collection of books that the town voted to make available to all free of charge, forming the first public library of the United States. This is especially true when related to the concept developed by A. I. Mikhailov and other Soviet authors in the mid-1960s. 290294). [4] An early definition of Information science (going back to 1968, the year when the American Documentation Institute renamed itself as the American Society for Information Science and Technology) states: Some authors use informatics as a synonym for information science. About Our Coalition. The separation of powers principle is particularly noteworthy in regard to the Congress. Over time, this can give rise to a classification system based on those tags and how often they are applied or searched for, in contrast to a taxonomic classification designed by the owners of the content and This classification gives an insightful framework to view various risks but occurrence and impact doesn't clearly distinguish identity from occurrence. The Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) is structured around ten main classes covering the entire world of knowledge; each main class is further structured into ten hierarchical divisions, each having ten divisions of increasing specificity. In the early 1760s, Jos de Escandn created five settlements along the Rio Grande River, including Laredo. [195], Republican President Benjamin Harrison (18891893) attempted, in 1893, to annex Hawaii through a Senate treaty. The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but the Congress may at any time by Law make or alter such Regulations, except as to the Places of chusing [sic] Senators. If the House votes to adopt an impeachment resolution, the Chairman of the Judiciary Committee recommends a slate of "managers," whom the House subsequently approves by resolution.
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